TWiki Site Tools
Utilities for searching, navigation, and monitoring site activity
TWiki Site Tools include utilities for navigating, searching and keeping up with site activity. Preferences can be configured by web or site-wide. You are currently in the
TWiki web. In particular, TWiki provides two highly configurable, automated site monitoring tools,
WebNotify, to e-mail alerts when topics are edited, and
WebStatistics, to generate detailed activity reports.
WebNotify - recent changes alert
Each TWiki web has an automatic e-mail alert service that sends a list of recent changes on a preset schedule, like once a day. Users can subscribe and unsubscribe using
WebNotify in each web. The Perl script
mailnotify
is called by a background process at regular intervals. The script sends an automated e-mail to subscribed users if topics were changed in a web since the script was last run.
Web Changes Notification Service
Each TWiki web has an automatic e-mail notification service that sends you an e-mail with links to all of the topics modified since the last alert.
Users subscribe to email notifications using their
WikiName or an alternative email address, and can specify the webs/topics they wish to track, Whole groups of users can also be subscribed for notification.
The general format of a subscription is:
three spaces *
subscriber [
:
topics ]
Where
subscriber can be a
WikiName, an E-mail address, or a
group name. If
subscriber contains any characters that are not legal in
an email address, then it must be enclosed in 'single' or "double" quotes.
topics is an optional space-separated list of topics:
- ... without a Web. prefix
- ...that exist in this web.
Users may further customize the specific content they will receive using the following controls:
- Using wild-card character in topic names - You can use
*
in a topic name, where it is treated as a wildcard character. A *
will match zero or more other characters - so, for example, Fred*
will match all topic names starting with Fred
, *Fred
will match all topic names ending with Fred
, and *
will match all topic names.
- Unsubscribing to specific topics - Each topic may optionally be preceded by a '+' or '-' sign. The '+' sign means "subscribe to this topic". The '-' sign means "unsubscribe" or "don't send notifications regarding this particular topic". This allows users to elect to filter out certain topics. Topic filters ('-') take precedence over topic includes ('+') i.e. if you unsubscribe from a topic it will cancel out any subscriptions to that topic.
- Including child-topics in subscription - Each topic may optionally be followed by an integer in parentheses, indicating the depth of the tree of children below that topic. Changes in all these children will be detected and reported along with changes to the topic itself. Note This uses the TWiki "Topic parent" feature.
- Subscribing to entire topic ("news mode") - Each topic may optionally be immediately followed by an exclamation mark ! or a question mark ? with no intervening spaces, indicating that the topic (and children if there is a tree depth specifier as well) should be mailed out as complete topics instead of change summaries. ! causes the topic to be mailed every time even if there have been no changes, and ? will mail the topic only if there have been changes to it. One can limit the content of the subscribed topic to send out by inserting %STARTPUBLISH% and %STOPPUBLISH% markers within the topic. Note that "news mode" subscriptions require a corresponding cron job that includes the "-news" option (see details).
Examples:
Subscribe Daisy to all changes to topics in this web.
* daisy.cutter@flowers.com
Subscribe Daisy to all changes to topics that start with
Web
.
* daisy.cutter@flowers.com : Web*
Subscribe Daisy to changes to topics starting with
Petal
, and their immediate children, WeedKillers and children to a depth of 3, and all topics that match start with
Pretty
and end with
Flowers
e.g.
PrettyPinkFlowers
* DaisyCutter: Petal* (1) WeedKillers (3) Pretty*Flowers
Subscribe StarTrekFan to changes to all topics that start with
Star
except those that end in
Wars
,
sInTheirEyes
or
shipTroopers
.
* StarTrekFan: Star* - *Wars - *sInTheirEyes - *shipTroopers
Subscribe Daisy to the full content of NewsLetter whenever it has changed
* daisy@flowers.com: NewsLetter?
Subscribe buttercup to NewsLetter and its immediate children, even if it hasn't changed.
* buttercup@flowers.com: NewsLetter! (1)
Subscribe GardenGroup (which includes Petunia) to all changed topics under AllnewsLetters to a depth of 3. Then unsubscribe Petunia from the ManureNewsLetter, which she would normally get as a member of
GardenGroup? :
* GardenGroup: AllNewsLetters? (3)
* petunia@flowers.com: - ManureNewsLetter
Subscribe
IT:admins
(a non-TWiki group defined by an alternate user mapping) to all changes to Web* topics.
* 'IT:admins' : Web*
A user may be listed many times in the WebNotify topic. Where a user has several lines in WebNotify that all match the same topic, they will only be notified about
changes that topic
once (though they will still receive individual mails for news topics).
If a
group is listed for notification, the group will be recursively expanded to the e-mail addresses of all members.
__
![ALERT! ALERT!](/twiki/pub/TWiki/TWikiDocGraphics/warning.gif)
Warning: Because an email address is not linked to a user name, there is no way for TWiki to check access controls for email addresses. A user identified by an email address will only be sent change notifications if the topic they are asubscribed to is readable by guest users. You can limit what email addresses can be used in WebNotify, or even block use of emails altogther, using the
{MailerContrib}{EmailFilterIn} setting in =configure
.
Tip: List names in alphabetical order to make it easier to find the names.
Note for System Administrators: Notification is supported by an add-on to the TWiki kernel called the MailerContrib. See the
MailerContrib topic for details of how to set up this service.
Note: If you prefer a news feed, point your reader to TWiki/.WebRss (for RSS 1.0 feeds) or TWiki/.WebAtom (for ATOM 1.0 feeds). Learn more at
WebRssBase and
WebAtomBase, respectively.
You can also use
%USERSWEB%
instead of
Main
, but this is not necessary even if you have renamed the main web by configuring
{MainWebName}
in
configure.
WebSearch - search TWiki site
WebSearch is an extremely fast and flexible search facility, part of the core TWiki feature set.
WebSearchAdvanced offers more options, including:
- topic title or full-text search
- regular expressions
- search within web or site-wide
- index-style A-Z alphabetical listing sorted topic title
- many more
See also:
SearchHelp for help;
TWikiVariables and
FormattedSearch for including hard-coded searches in text.
WebChanges - what's new
To check for the most recently edited topics while on-site, use the
WebChanges link, usually located in the toolbar. It lists the most recently modified topics, newest first, along with the first couple of lines of the page content.
This is simply a preset
SEARCH
. The number of topics listed by the
limit
parameter.:
%SEARCH{ ".*" web="TWiki/" type="regex" nosearch="on" order="modified"
reverse="on"
limit="50" }%
WebRss and WebAtom - news feeds on recent changes
You can point your news reader at
WebRss and
WebAtom to find out what is new in a TWiki web.
WebRssBase and
WebAtomBase have the details. Like
WebChanges, this is based on a
%SEARCH{}%
.
WebIndex - list of topics
WebIndex lists all web topics in alphabetical order, with the first couple of lines of text. This is simply a preset
SEARCH
:
%SEARCH{ "\.*" scope="topic" type="regex" nosearch="on" }%
WebStatistics - site statistics
You can generate a listing manually, or on an automated schedule, of visits to individual pages, on a per web basis. Compiled as a running total on a monthly basis. Includes totals for Topic Views, Topic Saves, Attachment Uploads, Most Popular Topics with number of views, and Top Contributors showing total of saves and attachment uploads. Previous months are saved.
Configuring for automatic operation
- You can automatically generate usage statistics for all webs. To enable this:
- Make sure variable {Log}{view}, {Log}{save} and *{Log}{upload} in are set in configure. This will generate log file entries (see below).
- The WebStatistics topic must be present in all webs where you want to have statistics. You can use the topic in the Main web as a template.
- Call the
twiki/bin/statistics
script from a cron job, once a day is recommended. This will update the WebStatistics topics in all webs.
- Attention: The script must run as the same user as the CGI scripts are running, which is user
nobody
on many systems. Example crontab entry:
0 0 * * * (cd /path/to/twiki/bin; ./statistics >/dev/null 2>&1)
- There is a workaround in case you can't run the script as user
nobody
: Run the utility twiki/tools/geturl.pl
in your cron job and specify the URL of the twiki/bin/statistics
script as a parameter. Example:
0 0 * * * (cd /path/to/twiki/tools; ./geturl.pl mydomain.com /urlpath/to/twiki/bin/statistics >/dev/null 2>&1)
- NOTE:
geturl.pl
will do a TWiki CGI request as the TWikiGuest user, so if you use this workaround, the WebStatistics topics you are updating will have to be writable by TWikiGuest.
When running from the command line or a cron job, you can pass parameters to the script like this:
./statistics -logdate 200605 -webs TWiki,Sandbox
Generating statistics manually by URL
- The
twiki/bin/statistics
script can also be executed as a CGI script, just enter the URL in your browser. Examples:
- Update current month for all webs you have access to:
/twiki/bin/statistics
- Update current month for Main web only:
/twiki/bin/statistics/Main
- Update Aug 2024 for Main web:
/twiki/bin/statistics/Main?logdate=202408
- Update Aug 2024 for the ProjectX, ProjectY and ProjectZ webs:
/twiki/bin/statistics?logdate=202408;webs=ProjectX,ProjectY,ProjectZ
Log Files
TWiki generates monthly log files which are used by the statistics script
- The log file is defined by the {LogFileName} setting in configure
- The file name is
log<year><month>.txt
- Example path name:
twiki/logs/log202408.txt
- Each access gets logged as:
| <time> | <wikiusername> | <action> | <web>.<topic> | <extra info> | <IP address> |
- Example log entry:
| 17 Aug 2024 - 09:24 | TWikiGuest | view | WebRss | | 66.124.232.02 |
- Actions are logged if enabled in configure by the {Log}{action} flags
- Logged actions:
Script | Action name | Extra info |
attach | attach | when viewing attach screen of previous uploaded attachment: filename |
changes | changes | |
edit | edit | when editing non-existing topic: (not exist) |
rdiff | rdiff | higher and lower revision numbers: 4 3 |
register | regstart | WikiUserName, e-Mail address, LoginName: user attempts to register |
register | register | E-mail address: user successfully registers |
register | bulkregister | WikiUserName of new, e-mail address, admin ID |
rename | rename | when moving topic: moved to Newweb.NewTopic |
rename | move | when moving attachment: Attachment filename moved to Newweb.NewTopic |
save | save | when replacing existing revision: repRev 3 when user checks the minor changes box: dontNotify when user changes attributes to an exising attachment: filename.ext |
save | cmd | special admin parameter used when saving |
search | search | search string |
upload | upload | filename |
view | view | when viewing non-existing topic: (not exist) when viewing previous topic revision: r3 |
E-mail
Configuring outgoing mail
Outgoing mail is required for
TWikiRegistration and for
recent changes alert.
TWiki will use the
Net::SMTP
module if it is installed on your system. Set this with the
SMTPMAILHOST
variable in
TWikiPreferences.
The notify e-mail uses the default
changes.tmpl
template, or a skin if activated in the
TWikiPreferences.
mailnotify also relies on two hidden files in each
twiki/data/Web
directory:
.changes
and
.mailnotify.
Make sure both are writable by your web server process.
.changes
contains a list of changes; go ahead and make this empty.
.mailnotify
contains a timestamp of the last time notification was done.
You can use an external mail program, such as
sendmail
, if the
Net::SMTP
module is not installed. Set the program path in
{MailProgram}
in
configure.
-
Net::SMTP can be easily disabled (if there is an installation error) by setting SMTPMAILHOST
in TWikiPreferences to an empty value.
-
You can set a separate SMTPSENDERHOST
variable to define the mail sender host (some SMTP installations require this).
Setting the automatic e-mail schedule
For Unix platforms: Edit the
cron
table so that
mailnotify
is called in an interval of your choice. Please consult
man crontab
of how to modify the table that schedules program execution at certain intervals. Example:
% crontab -e
0 1 * * * (cd /path/to/twiki/bin; ./mailnotify -q)
The above line will run mailnotify nightly at 01:00. The
-q
switch suppresses all normal output.
For ISP installations: Many ISPs don't allow hosted accounts direct cron access, as it's often used for things that can heavily load the server. Workaround scripts are available.
On Windows: You can use a scheduled task if you have administrative privileges.
TWiki:Codev/CronTabWin is a free scheduler for Windows.
Site Permissions
- TWikiAccessControl describes how to restrict read and write access to topics and webs, by users and groups
- SitePermissions lists the permissions settings of the webs on this TWiki site
Help with crontab
The crontab command is used to schedule commands to be executed periodically.
- Wikipedia.org:Crontab - crontab documentation
- pycron - crontab for Windows
Related Topics: AdminDocumentationCategory,
AdminToolsCategory
--
Contributors: TWiki:Main.MikeMannix,
TWiki:Main.PeterThoeny,
TWiki:Main.CrawfordCurrie,
TWiki:Main.KennethLavrsen,
TWiki:Main.SvenDowideit